What do you know about IPv4?
Having a 32 bit address
Format (ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd)
Divided into classes A, B, C, D, E
IP Reserved
# 10.0.0.0 - 10,255,255,255 - reserved for local intranet networks
# 127.0.0.0 - 127 255 255 255 - reserved for local loop on each computer
# 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 - reserved for local intranet networks
# 192.168.0.0 - 192 168 255 255 - reserved for local intranet networks
# 224.0.0.0 - 239 255 255 255 - used for multicast routing
An easy way to do subnetting are:
Subnetting is used to subdivide the IP group into smaller groups so as to facilitate the management and Setting routing.
example
IP: 192.168.1.111 SUBNET: 255.255.255.128 (/25)
then:
255 255 255 128 converted in binary 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000(/25)
1. ip range normal for this class there are 256 ie 0-255 so (max range - the 4th octet of the subnet) = 256-128 = 128 is 192.168.1.0 - 192.168.1.127
2. 2 rank in the last octet binary number. 2 rank 7 = 128
So obtained is
1. Range = IP subnet 1: 192.168.1.0 - 192.168.1.127 subnet 2: 192.168.1.128 - 192.168.1.255
2. Number of subnets = 2 rank number 1 in the binary number 2 rank last octet = 1: 2
2. Host IP = Range - 2 (ip network and broadcast): 126
3. Network = subnet 1: 192.168.1.0 subnet 2:192.168.1.128
4. Broadcast = subnet 1: 192.168.1.127 subnet 2: 192.168.1.255
5. IP 192.168.1.111 is on subnet 1
class B
There is a network address 172.16.0.0/18
172.16.0.0/28 found on the class B subnet mask / 18 means 11111111.11111111.11000000.00000000 (255.255.192.0).
calculation
Number of Subnet = 2 to the power x, where x is the number of binary number 1 on the last 2 octets. So the number of subnet mask is 2 to the power 2 = 4 subnets
The number of hosts per subnet = 2 to the power y-2, where y is the inverse of x is the large number of binary 0 in the last octet of the subnet mask 2. So the hosts 214-2 = 16.382
Block Subnet = 256-192 = 64, the next subnet is 64 + 64 = 128, and 128 +64 = 192. So the full subnet is 0, 64, 128, 192.
Having a 32 bit address
Format (ddd.ddd.ddd.ddd)
Divided into classes A, B, C, D, E
IP Reserved
# 10.0.0.0 - 10,255,255,255 - reserved for local intranet networks
# 127.0.0.0 - 127 255 255 255 - reserved for local loop on each computer
# 172.16.0.0 - 172.31.255.255 - reserved for local intranet networks
# 192.168.0.0 - 192 168 255 255 - reserved for local intranet networks
# 224.0.0.0 - 239 255 255 255 - used for multicast routing
An easy way to do subnetting are:
Subnetting is used to subdivide the IP group into smaller groups so as to facilitate the management and Setting routing.
example
ip subnet zero=default
class CIP: 192.168.1.111 SUBNET: 255.255.255.128 (/25)
then:
255 255 255 128 converted in binary 11111111.11111111.11111111.10000000(/25)
1. ip range normal for this class there are 256 ie 0-255 so (max range - the 4th octet of the subnet) = 256-128 = 128 is 192.168.1.0 - 192.168.1.127
2. 2 rank in the last octet binary number. 2 rank 7 = 128
So obtained is
1. Range = IP subnet 1: 192.168.1.0 - 192.168.1.127 subnet 2: 192.168.1.128 - 192.168.1.255
2. Number of subnets = 2 rank number 1 in the binary number 2 rank last octet = 1: 2
2. Host IP = Range - 2 (ip network and broadcast): 126
3. Network = subnet 1: 192.168.1.0 subnet 2:192.168.1.128
4. Broadcast = subnet 1: 192.168.1.127 subnet 2: 192.168.1.255
5. IP 192.168.1.111 is on subnet 1
class B
There is a network address 172.16.0.0/18
172.16.0.0/28 found on the class B subnet mask / 18 means 11111111.11111111.11000000.00000000 (255.255.192.0).
calculation
Number of Subnet = 2 to the power x, where x is the number of binary number 1 on the last 2 octets. So the number of subnet mask is 2 to the power 2 = 4 subnets
The number of hosts per subnet = 2 to the power y-2, where y is the inverse of x is the large number of binary 0 in the last octet of the subnet mask 2. So the hosts 214-2 = 16.382
Block Subnet = 256-192 = 64, the next subnet is 64 + 64 = 128, and 128 +64 = 192. So the full subnet is 0, 64, 128, 192.
Subnet |
172.16.0.0 |
172.16.64.0 |
172.16.128.0 |
172.16.192.0 |
Host Pertama |
172.16.0.1 |
172.16.64.1 |
172.16.128.1 |
172.16.192.1 |
Host Terakhir |
172.16.63.254 |
172.16.127.254 |
172.16.191.254 |
172.16.255.254 |
Broadcast |
172.16.63.255 |
172.16.127.255 |
172.16.191.255 |
172.16..255.255 |